Aims: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of COMMUNITY-BASED educational interventions in preventing stunting, with a focus on their planning, execution, and effects on growth outcomes and associated behaviors in low- and middle-income countries.
Information & Methods: This systematic review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 criteria, by a comprehensive search of PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and other relevant databases until December 2024. Studies that focused on COMMUNITY-BASED education for stunting PREVENTION were considered experimental, including randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental research. Changes in height-for-age z-scores were the primary outcome measured, while improvements in maternal and child nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and practices served as secondary objectives. The ROBINS-I and RoB 2 tools were utilized to assess the risk of bias.
Findings: A total of 17 studies from various low- and middle-income countries (Indonesia, Kenya, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, China, and Peru) were included. These studies employed a range of educational strategies, such as home visits, group workshops, mobile health applications, and digital platforms. The duration of interventions varied from two weeks to two years, with many incorporating behavior change communication techniques, practical demonstrations, and culturally tailored content. Significant improvements were observed in height-for-age z-scores, dietary diversity, exclusive breastfeeding, and complementary feeding practices. Programs that were culturally adapted, sustained over longer periods, and integrated multiple delivery methods proved to be the most effective. However, shorter interventions demonstrated limited long-term impact.
Conclusion: COMMUNITY-BASED educational interventions effectively reduce stunting and improve nutrition-related behaviors in low- and middle-income countries.